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What is IPv6?
IPv4 is short for Internet Protocol version 4. The 4th version of the Internet protocol (IP) is still a popular protocol for communication over the Internet. It establishes the rules and limitations for communication over the Internet or on a local network. Thanks to the IP, we can have interconnected network routing with packet forwarding because it defines the format, and the communications, use IPv4 addresses, and routes data.
In contrast to the transmission Control Protocol (TCP), the Ipv4 protocol does not need to guarantee delivery, and that makes it a connectionless protocol. It functions on the best-effort delivery model and makes it fast.
IPv4 was first described in 1981 by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF, RFC 791) and was later adopted by the Department of Defense of The USA in 1982, SATNET in 1982, and ARPANET in 1983.
We can’t miss talking about IPv4 addresses too. An IPv4 address is a 32-bit address that identifies a device on a network. It is made of 4 groups of numbers (octets) with up to 3 numbers each. The IPv4 will identify the network and the individual host on the network.
How does IPv6 works ?
the Internet is not many clouds communicating wirelessly, but rather a cable network connection between many data centers spread worldwide and clients who want to use services. There are giant cables between the oceans that connect important network points.
In this large network of interconnected devices and smaller networks, we need order and clearly defined identifications of the connected devices and their addresses.
The clients need IP addresses as identification so do the servers. The servers will also need hostnames. For web servers, you have seen they have a domain name (hostname) like Google.com, and when you want to get to it, you will see the content of that page.
The content of each website is hosted on web servers in data centers. Websites and applications need servers to host services so you can access them.
The IP address is the ID, the identifier of each host – client or server device on the network. There are public and private IP addresses. You will have a private IP address on a closed private network that will let you use the network and connect to the other devices on that network.
If you want to access the Internet, you will need a router that will use a public IP address provided by an Internet service provider.
On the server-side, they also need a public IP address. This IP address should not change. It should be static, so clients can find it easily.